The CUMC team used the organoids to generate models of human lung diseases in a lab dish, which could be used to advance our understanding of a variety of respiratory diseases. A paper detailing the discovery was published in the April 24 online issue of Nature Cell Biology. The study describes Organoids as 3-D structures containing multiple cell types that look and function like a full-sized organ. By reproducing an organ in a dish, researchers hope to develop better models of human diseases, and find new ways of testing drugs and regenerating damaged tissue.
The lung organoids created in Dr. Snoeck’s lab are the first to include branching airway and alveolar structures, similar to human lungs. To demonstrate their functionality, the researchers showed that the organoids reacted in much the same way as a real lung does when infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Additional experiments revealed that the organoids also responded as a human lung would when carrying a gene mutation linked to pulmonary fibrosis.
“Organoids, created with human pluripotent or genome-edited embryonic stem cells, may be the best, and perhaps only, way to gain insight into the pathogenesis of these diseases,” Dr. Snoeck continues.
The paper is titled, “A three-dimensional model of human lung development and disease from pluripotent stem cells.” Additional authors (also from Columbia University Medical Center) are Ya-Wen Chen, Sarah Xuelian Huang, Ana Luisa Rodrigues Toste de Carvalho, Siu-Hong Ho, Mohammad Naimul Islam, Jahar Bhattacharya, Laura M. Palermo, Matteo Porotto, and Anne Moscona.
Watch this video explaining the creation of lung organoids
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Limited ability
“Researchers have taken up the challenge of creating organoids to help us understand and treat a variety of diseases,” said Hans-Willem Snoeck, PhD, professor of medicine (in Microbiology & Immunology) at CUMC and lead investigator of the study. “But we have been tested by our limited ability to create organoids that can replicate key features of human disease.”The lung organoids created in Dr. Snoeck’s lab are the first to include branching airway and alveolar structures, similar to human lungs. To demonstrate their functionality, the researchers showed that the organoids reacted in much the same way as a real lung does when infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Additional experiments revealed that the organoids also responded as a human lung would when carrying a gene mutation linked to pulmonary fibrosis.
Organoids help gain insights
RSV is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and has no vaccine or effective antiviral therapy. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a condition that causes scarring in the lungs, causes 30,000 to 40,000 deaths in the U.S. each year. A lung transplant is the only cure for this condition.“Organoids, created with human pluripotent or genome-edited embryonic stem cells, may be the best, and perhaps only, way to gain insight into the pathogenesis of these diseases,” Dr. Snoeck continues.
The paper is titled, “A three-dimensional model of human lung development and disease from pluripotent stem cells.” Additional authors (also from Columbia University Medical Center) are Ya-Wen Chen, Sarah Xuelian Huang, Ana Luisa Rodrigues Toste de Carvalho, Siu-Hong Ho, Mohammad Naimul Islam, Jahar Bhattacharya, Laura M. Palermo, Matteo Porotto, and Anne Moscona.
Watch this video explaining the creation of lung organoids
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